Tuesday, December 22, 2009

Innovation: Agriculture: Placement of floor model water pump

There are two different types of sump pumps.
- A submersible sump pump can be placed below the water line.
- A floor model sump pump, on the other hand, sits at floor level.
Both water pumps work in the same manner, but submersible sump pumps handle larger quantities of water and can be fully submerged without any danger of electrical shortages.

In villages farmers use floor model for pumping water from open wells. I have noticed farmers facing an issue with this (Probably, its not issue at all for them because they have accepted and live with it). The pump should be closer to water level so that it can pump better. As water level decreases (towards summer season) and increases (in rainy season), the water pump needs to be shifted. It is done every year 3-4 times (or more depending on depth of well). It is quite laborious.

I found a solution for this problem, in a farm near Attur in Tamilnadu.

The solution is shown in the snaps above. The solution consists of mechanical structure. The pump is placed on a steel base hanged with steel rope. The pump level is adjusted by changing the length of rope using jack.

Friday, December 18, 2009

Theology, Philosophy, Osho's way

Entry from LiveJournal blog - 22 Sep 2008

Theology starts with belief, Philosophy starts with doubt
Theology involves believing something without questioning, Philosophy involves thinking.

All religions are based on theology. Example: Christianity believes Jesus resurrecting after death. Is it possible?. There is no person contempory to Jesus noted in history.

Osho's way is neither based on theology nor philosophy. It involves "search"/ "enquiry". Its a methodology for way of life.

Investing in stocks: My fundamental question got addressed!!!

Entry from LiveJournal blog - 25 Aug 2008

Click here for my question in an earlier post.

After chat with my friends Pramod and Reddy(mrpr, M Ravi Prakash Reddy), I got some clarifications.

- Reddy: In short term it is gambling!!! Its your choice to gamble or not, to make money or lose money.

- P/E of 10 means of 10 years of operation of business gives back returns in terms of EPS. If some other company wants to buy it, it would be expected to pay so much per share to acquire the company.

- Reddy: Our aim of seminars is clear [Note: We three did one seminar on fundamentals of investing in stocks on 31st May 2008, in Konark hotel, Bangalore]: We want to educate people taking them from "unknown to known". We can't change the mindset of people (say day trading) through our seminars. For changing mindset, workshops like Landmark Forum, courses from Bharat Chandra are required.

- If people are doing trading frequently just for capital gains without knowing how stock investing works, its their mistake. Its their responsibility to be aware of what they are doing, know the risks involved etc.

- Short term investors (day traders/speculators) do not really bother about company performance. They simply want to ride on the news (spilt, getting big contract,dividend announcements) that can give them short term profits.

- Long term investors: Think like business men. Share value of 100 with P/E of 10 means EPS of Rs.10 for ten years gives back my money. After that whatever I earn is profit. I would not bother like "EPS is not what I get as share holder, only part of it is what I get, may be its just 1-5% of share price" "Share value is simply jacked up by making P/E as significant among crowd of investor community etc - People are made to believe something is right value to buy, hold or sell"
Infosys bought Axon (UK) in all in cash deal for $750million = 2 times revenues in 2007 (operating margin = 15%) ==> This means expecting a 7.5% returns on the investment. By their value addition they would increase operating margin to required levels. Infosys operating margin is 30%.

Idea Cellular bought Spice at Rs.77 per Spice share.

Did you sell this stock after it tripled?

Sintex is a household name in India today. From selling water tanks to becoming the biggest plastics manufacturer in India, the company has taken off in a big way. Its sales have multiplied almost 14 times over the past ten years. Profits have done even better in multiplying around 28 times. And someone who had invested in the stock in December 1999 has already multiplied his money 36 times!

Now whether Sintex is a worthy investment now is not a matter of discussion here. What we are trying to point is that the right kind of small companies can help you generate tremendous wealth.

But only if you have patience! And stick with good quality stocks across market cycles.

You can learn this from an investor in Sintex in December 1999, who sold the stock after it tripled in December 2003. Since then, the stock has multiplied another 12 times!

So you may ask - should I never sell a stock, always expecting it to multiply several times?

Well, if the company continues to do well, the idea of selling it should not even enter you mind. As the legendary Warren Buffett says - "If the homework is done right while purchasing a stock, the time to sell it is never."

But then, one must also never be greedy. With a stock whose valuations move way above its true business value, it is always good to book profits.

Source: http://www.equitymaster.com/5MinWrapup/detail.asp?date=12/17/2009&story=2

Thursday, December 17, 2009

Investing in stocks: Fundamental question

Entry from LiveJournal blog - 25 Aug 2008

In stock market, when someone makes profit only when some else loses.

X buys a share at Rs. 100
Y buys it at 105 - Say he gets share what X sells. X makes profit of Rs.5
Z buys it at 110 - Say he gets share what Y sells. Y makes profit of Rs.5

Now Z tries to sell but since there are now buyers for price >= Rs.110, he decides to sell at lower price to lower the loss.
So he decides to sell at say Rs.105. Lets say, Y thinks stock price went to Rs.110 and it can go up again to that extent. So he buys it at 105 and waits for it increase.

When it doesn't increase, he decides to sell at say Rs.100. Now X sees it opportunity and buys it.

In the above process,
X made profit of Rs.10
Y made no profit no loss
Z made a loss of Rs.10

Broker got his commission by recommding stock...

==> Rumours, News, Broker recommendations all drive up or down the value of stocks. Right?
==> Valuation is process of creating perception that a certain stock is attractive at certain value. Right?
==> P/E of 10 is good for one company, P/E of 25 is good assumption. Who knows what is right one? P/E of 10 means getting back investment in 10 years. But as investor, do I get EPS as dividend? No. Dividend could be 0 also. In that case, valuation of stock goes up. Am I running behind something which I will never get?

Isn't this cheating? Isn't it gambling? Isn't exploiting people who are ignorant, who do not have access to information that to at right time?

Naati/Jawari v/s Hybrid: Myth?

Entry from LiveJournal blog - 08 Jun 2008

Often I have heard from people of our parents generation that their previous generation used to have Naati/Jawaari food. So they lived longer and were healthy and independent till end of their life. I too believed it so far but now I think it may not be the case.

I feel they lived longer because of their life style.

They ate good food. We eat lot of junk food.

They ate only what they could digest. We don't have control over food. If there is party and if we like food, we eat more...

They used to fast regularly.

They did enough physical work most of their life. We hardly do any physical work. We don't have (or pretend) time to do excercise. In some cases, we are couch potatos watching idiot box.

They indulged in prayers, visiting temples, socializing through festivals, "jaatras"/"mela"s. They lived in joint families. There was hardly any stress that needed to be managed. We are nuclear families. We need balanced work and personal life. We need to take care of everything ourselves. Lot of stress that needs to be managed.

They were social. They used think beyond their family. They helped others. There was hardly any competition. We are selfish. We want to secure our future. We want to earn more and more. We are in race to be ahead of others. We are restless.

So, is it just food what they/we ate/eat mattered/matters or is it lifestyle that defines our longevity and happiness?

Talk by Chetan Bhaghat at Symbiosis-Pune

From a mail forward in 2008

Good Morning everyone and thank you for giving me this chance to speak to you. This day is about you. You, who have come to this college, leaving the comfort of your homes (or in some cases discomfort), to become something in your life. I am sure you are excited. There are few days in human life when one is truly elated. The first day in college is one of them. When you were getting ready today, you felt a tingling in your stomach. What would the auditorium be like, what would the teachers be like, who are my new classmates - there is so much to be curious about. I call this excitement, the spark within you that makes you feel truly alive today. Today I am going to talk about keeping the spark shining. Or to put it another way, how to be happy most, if not all the time.

Where do these sparks start? I think we are born with them. My 3-year old twin boys have a million sparks. A little Spiderman toy can make them jump on the bed. They get thrills from creaky swings in the park. A story from daddy gets them excited. They do a daily countdown for birthday party several months in advance - just for the day they will cut their own birthday cake.

I see students like you, and I still see some sparks. But when I see older people, the spark is difficult to find. That means as we age, the spark fades. People whose spark has faded too much are dull, dejected, aimless and bitter. Remember Kareena in the first half of 'Jab We Met' vs the second half? That is what happens when the spark is lost. So how to save the spark?

Imagine the spark to be a lamp's flame. The first aspect is nurturing - to give your spark the fuel, continuously. The second is to guard against storms.

To nurture, always have goals. It is human nature to strive, improve and achieve full potential. In fact, that is success. It is what is possible for you. It isn't any external measure - a certain cost to company pay package, a particular car or house.

Most of us are from middle class families. To us, having material landmarks is success and rightly so. When you have grown up where money constraints force everyday choices, financial freedom is a big achievement. But it isn't the purpose of life. If that was the case, Mr. Ambani would not show up for work. Shah Rukh Khan would stay at home and not dance anymore. Steve Jobs won't be working hard to make a better iPhone, as he sold Pixar for billions of dollars already. Why do they do it? What makes them come to work everyday? They do it because it makes them happy. They do it because it makes them feel alive. Just getting better from current levels feels good. If you study hard, you can improve your rank. If you make an effort to interact with people, you will do better in interviews. If you practice, your cricket will get better. You may also know that you cannot become Tendulkar, yet. But you can get to the next level. Striving for that next level is important.

Nature designed with a random set of genes and circumstances in which we were born. To be happy, we have to accept it and make the most of nature's design. Are you? Goals will help you do that. I must add, don't just have career or academic goals. Set goals to give you a balanced, successful life. I use the word balanced before successful. Balanced means ensuring your health, relationships, mental peace are all in good order.

There is no point of getting a promotion on the day of your breakup. There is no fun in driving a car if your back hurts. Shopping is not enjoyable if your mind is full of tensions. You must have read some quotes - Life is a tough race, it is a marathon or whatever. No, from what I have seen so far, life is one of those races in nursery school, where you have to run with a marble in a spoon kept in your mouth. If the marble falls, there is no point coming first. Same with life, where health and relationships are the marble. Your striving is only worth it if there is harmony in your life. Else, you may achieve the success, but this spark, this feeling of being excited and alive, will start to die.

One last thing about nurturing the spark - don't take life seriously. One of my yoga teachers used to make students laugh during classes. One student asked him if these jokes would take away something from the yoga practice. The teacher said - don't be serious, be sincere. This quote has defined my work ever since. Whether its my writing, my job, my relationships or any of my goals. I get thousands of opinions on my writing everyday. There is heaps of praise, there is intense criticism. If I take it all seriously, how will I write? Or rather, how will I live? Life is not to be taken seriously, as we are really temporary here. We are like a pre-paid card with limited validity. If we are lucky, we may last another 50 years. And 50 years is just 2,500 weekends. Do we really need to get so worked up? It's ok, bunk a few classes, goof up a few interviews, fall in love. We are people, not programmed devices.

I've told you three things - reasonable goals, balance and not taking it too seriously that will nurture the spark. However, there are four storms in life that will threaten to completely put out the flame. These must be guarded against. These are disappointment, frustration, unfairness and
loneliness of purpose.

Disappointment will come when your effort does not give you the expected return. If things don't go as planned or if you face failure. Failure is extremely difficult to handle, but those that do come out stronger. What did this failure teach me? is the question you will need to ask. You will
feel miserable. You will want to quit, like I wanted to when nine publishers rejected my first book. Some IITians kill themselves over low grades - how silly is that? But that is how much failure can hurt you. But it's life. If challenges could always be overcome, they would cease to be a challenge. And remember - if you are failing at something, that means you are at your limit or potential. And that's where you want to be.

Disappointment's cousin is frustration, the second storm. Have you ever been frustrated? It happens when things are stuck. This is especially relevant in India . From traffic jams to getting that job you deserve, sometimes things take so long that you don't know if you chose the right goal. After books, I set the goal of writing for Bollywood, as I thought they needed writers. I am called extremely lucky, but it took me five years to get close to a release. Frustration saps excitement, and turns your initial energy into something negative, making you a bitter person. How did I deal with it? A realistic assessment of the time involved - movies take a long time to make even though they are watched quickly, seeking a certain enjoyment in the process rather than the end result - at least I was learning how to write scripts, having a side plan - I had my third book to write and even something as simple as pleasurable distractions in your life - friends, food, travel can help you overcome it. Remember, nothing is to be taken seriously. Frustration is a sign somewhere, you took it too seriously.

Unfairness - this is hardest to deal with, but unfortunately that is how our country works. People with connections, rich dads, beautiful faces, pedigree find it easier to make it - not just in Bollywood, but everywhere. And sometimes it is just plain luck. There are so few opportunities in India , so many stars need to be aligned for you to make it happen. Merit and hard work is not always linked to achievement in the short term, but the long term correlation is high, and ultimately things do work out. But realize, there will be some people luckier than you. In fact, to have an opportunity to go to college and understand this speech in English means you are pretty damm lucky by Indian standards. Let's be grateful for what we have and get the strength to accept what we don't. I have so much love from my readers that other writers cannot even imagine it. However, I don't get literary praise. It's ok. I don't look like Aishwarya Rai, but I have two boys who I think are more beautiful than her. It's ok. Don't let unfairness kill your spark.

Finally, the last point that can kill your spark is isolation. As you grow older you will realize you are unique. When you are little, all kids want ice-cream and Spiderman. As you grow older to college, you still are a lot like your friends. But ten years later and you realize you are unique.
What you want, what you believe in, what makes you feel, may be different from even the people closest to you. This can create conflict as your goals may not match with others. . And you may drop some of them. Basketball captains in college invariably stop playing basketball by the time they have their second child. They give up something that meant so much to them. They do it for their family. But in doing that, the spark dies. Never, ever make that compromise. Love yourself first, and then others.

There you go. I've told you the four thunderstorms - disappointment, frustration, unfairness and isolation. You cannot avoid them, as like the monsoon they will come into your life at regular intervals. You just need to keep the raincoat handy to not let the spark die.

I welcome you again to the most wonderful years of your life. If someone gave me the choice to go back in time, I will surely choose college. But I also hope that ten years later as well, your eyes will shine the same way as they do today. That you will Keep the Spark alive, not only through college, but through the next 2,500 weekends. And I hope not just you, but my whole country will keep that spark alive, as we really need it now more than any moment in history. And there is something cool about saying - I come from the land of a billion sparks